ANTIBIOTICS

Cephalosporins are a large group of antibiotics derived from the mold Acremonium (previously called Cephalosporium). Cephalosporins are bactericidal (kill bacteria) and work in a similar way to penicillins. Healthcare providers use cephalosporins to treat a variety of bacterial infections, especially for people who are allergic to penicillin, another common antibiotic. Some examples of infections that cephalosporins can treat include: skin or soft tissue infections. urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Cephalosporins Include:

• Ancef and Kefazol (cefazolin)
• Ceclor and Cefaclor (cefaclor)
• Cefdinir.
• Ceftin and Zinacef (cefuroxime)
• Duricef (cefadroxil)
• Keflex and Keftabs (cephalexin)
• Maxipime (cefepime)
• Rocephin (ceftriaxone)

Penicillins are a type of antibiotic derived from Penicillium fungi. An antibiotic is a type of medicine that inhibits the growth of, or kills, bacteria. Penicillin G (also called benzylpenicillin).

Penicillins are a group of antibiotics originally obtained from Penicillium moulds, principally P. chrysogenum and P. Rubens. Most penicillins in clinical use are chemically synthesised from naturally-produced penicillins. Penicillin V potassium is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections, scarlet fever, and ear, skin, gum, mouth, and throat infections. 

Penicillins include:

• Amoxicillin.
• Ampicillin.
• Dicloxacillin.
• Nafcillin.
• Oxacillin.
• Penicillin G.
• Penicillin V.
• Piperacillin.

Amphotericin B. Amphotericin B has been the mainstay of antifungal therapy for invasive and serious mycoses, but other antifungals (eg, fluconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, the echinocandins) are now considered first-line drugs for many of these infections. Ketoconazole. Ketoconazole (Nizoral™) is used to treat fungal infections where other treatments have failed or are contraindicated. It is effective for yeasts and dermatophytes and is usually prescribed in a daily dose of 200mg after food.

Oral antifungal drugs include fluconazole and itraconazole. These drugs can be used to treat more severe fungal infections. Terbinafine is an oral antifungal medicine that may be used to treat fungal infections of the nails.